What does it mean to be Muslim and what is Ramadan?  

Islam is a monotheistic religion that developed in the Arabian Peninsula in the seventh century. Its followers are called Muslims, and they believe in the oneness of God, the prophethood of Muhammad, and the holy book, the Quran. Islam comes from the Arabic word 'salaam,' meaning peace, and a Muslim is someone who submits themselves to the will of God, striving to live in peace and harmony with themselves and the world around them. 

At the heart of Islam is a belief in the absolute power and sovereignty of Allah, who is seen as the Creator and Sustainer of the universe. Muslims also believe in the concept of predestination, which means that everything that happens in the world is part of God's plan. 

Islam has a rich history and culture, with a diverse and varied global community of followers. Muslims come from all races, nationalities, and backgrounds, and Islam has spread across the world, influencing art, literature, music and philosophy. 

Being Muslim then is not just a set of religious practices and beliefs but a way of life and an identity. It means living in accordance with the teachings of Islam and trying to embody the values and principles that the religion espouses. It means striving to be a good person, treating others with respect and kindness, and doing one's part to make the world a better place. 

Muslim life is guided by a code of ethics and morality, which includes values such as honesty, justice, compassion, and humility. Muslims are also encouraged to live their lives with a spirit of social and environmental responsibility, striving to care for their communities and protect the natural world as well as being guided by fundamental practices. 

For Muslims, being a part of the religion means embracing the five pillars of Islam, which are the fundamental religious duties required of every believer: 

Shahada: The declaration of faith, which involves acknowledging that there is no God but Allah and that Muhammad is his prophet 

Salah: The ritual prayer, which is performed five times a day, facing towards Mecca 

Zakat: The giving of alms or charity to the poor and needy 

Hajj: The pilgrimage to Mecca, which every able-bodied Muslim is expected to make at least once in their lifetime 

Sawm: Fasting during the month of Ramadan, which involves abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs during the daylight hours 

The first fasting of Ramadan was observed by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in the second year after the migration (Hijra) from Mecca to Medina. The practice of fasting during this month dates back to the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his companions in the 7th century CE. 

The month of Ramadan is a time for devout Muslims to fast from dawn until dusk. Fasting during Ramadan is mandatory for all able-bodied, adult Muslims who have reached the age of puberty. The fast includes abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs from dawn until sunset. It is a time for spiritual reflection, self-discipline, and charitable giving. 

The word Ramadan is derived from the Arabic language, which means ‘scorching heat’. The history of Ramadan dates back to the year 610 when the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) received his first revelations from Allah through the angel Gabriel. The revelation was given to him during the month of Ramadan, where he was meditating in the Hira Cave near Mecca (Makkah). This revelation marked the beginning of the Islamic faith, known as the Quran. 

The history of Ramadan has deep roots in the Islamic faith. Fasting is considered one of the five pillars of Islam, along with prayer, charity, pilgrimage, and the declaration of faith. These pillars form the foundation of Islamic beliefs and practices. 

The history of Ramadan is also filled with traditions that have been passed down by generations. One of the most important traditions is the breaking of the fast (Iftar). Iftar is celebrated at sunset and is usually done with family and friends. Muslims break their fast by eating a date and drinking water. This is followed by a meal consisting of traditional dishes which are prepared specifically for Ramadan. 

Another important tradition during Ramadan is night prayers (Taraweeh). These prayers are usually performed in a congregation and consist of reciting parts of the Quran. The practice of Taraweeh has been observed since the time of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). 

In conclusion, the history of Ramadan is deeply rooted in Islamic faith and traditions. It is a time for Muslims to reconnect with their spirituality, practice self-discipline, and give back to their communities. Ramadan is a time for reflection, gratitude, and compassion, and is celebrated by millions of Muslims all around the world. 

Written by Zain Shabz, Global Majority community Leader